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              <text>A long transient occurs when a system takes a prolonged period of time, for example dozens of generations, to approach its final equilibrium or periodic state, meaning that observed initial behaviour may not represent the true long term dynamics. This is particularly important in biology, where the timescale of observations may be much shorter than the timescale of the underlying system. In this report we will take one such biological system and explore how varying its features may have an impact the length of its transient dynamics.</text>
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              <text>Mathematics, Mathematical Biology,  Modelling, Long Transients, Ecology, Floquet Theory, Python</text>
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                <text>Modelling Long Transients in Ecology</text>
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                <text>Mathematical Biology</text>
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                <text>07/10/2026</text>
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                <text>Nathan Cundy</text>
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              <text>We study the classification of translation invariant Gibbs measures for the dimer model on planar, bipartite, periodic graphs. After developing the general theory of infinite-volume Gibbs measures, we construct a family of ergodic measures as limits of finite-volume Boltzmann measures on a sequence of tori, indexed by a magnetic field. Each such measure has a well-defined slope, given by the gradient of the free energy, and these slopes sweep out the interior of the Newton polygon of the characteristic polynomial of the model. We show that the measure of each slope in the interior of the Newton polygon is mixing, and compute its local statistics as determinants of a kernel given by a contour integral. Finally, we return to the general theory and establish the decomposition of an arbitrary translation invariant Gibbs measure over its ergodic components, which for the dimer model are indexed by slope. The classification is complete on the interior of the Newton polygon and only partial on its boundary, where we describe what obstructs it.</text>
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                <text>Gibbs Measures for the Dimer Model</text>
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                <text>8 October 2026</text>
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                <text>Valentin Ivanov</text>
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              <text>With a vast number of new schools expected to be created as housing expands across Britain, this research examines how and why newly-created schools since the 1940s (specifically the White Paper on Educational Reconstruction in 1943) have produced largely successful outcomes and provided unique opportunities to Britain's young people.  With little comprehensive research conducted on what specifically makes many of these start-up schools historically and presently so successful and transformative, it employs two methodological approaches to understand this further. Firstly, through looking at primary sources relating to post-war education reconstruction, it examines how Britain sought to positively reshape education after the war through the creation of new schools. Secondly, through interviewing present educational leaders of high-performing schools created in the last decade, it understands how a number of new schools in the present have been able to achieve outstanding results since their creation. By comparing findings from these two approaches, this project notes what has historically made start-up schools opportunities to re-shape education in Britain and what features of them have historically enabled them to achieve more affluent results than well-established institutions. In doing so, it aims to provide a comprehensive understanding of polices, practices and more which would be effective for new schools created in the coming years. Furthermore, whilst the creation of new schools create a fresh slate for outstanding learning and educational leadership, it is hoped that this project can be used, in part, to explore how older schools can become better places of learning.</text>
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              <text>History, New Schools, Education, Interdisciplinary, Policy</text>
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                <text>New Schools as Tools of Change: Lessons Since 1944 for the Future of British Education</text>
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                <text>New schools in Britain</text>
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                <text>September 2026</text>
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                <text>George Marshall</text>
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              <text>Operation Spiderweb in June 2025 demonstrated the devastating efficacy of low-cost unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs) against high-value strategic targets in 21st-century warfare (Eslami et al., 2026). The operation, alongside sustained infrastructure campaigns during the Russo-Ukrainian and Middle Eastern conflicts, exposed a gap in contemporary defence doctrines; existing systems designed for conventional threats are ill-equipped to counter the low-cost, algorithmic nature of modern drone warfare. This research employs a structured, focused comparative case study of conflicts in Karabakh, Ukraine, and the Middle East using the Most Different Systems Design methodology to detect common patterns of infrastructure vulnerability. Data sources include open-source intelligence (OSINT), IMF and World Bank economic projections, policy documents, and academic literature, and the study applies these findings to Azerbaijan's critical energy infrastructure, to assess economic and geopolitical risks. Since Azerbaijan’s economic activity remains heavily dependent on a highly concentrated cluster of fossil fuel facilities around the Absheron Peninsula, like the Sangachal Terminal, which handles all of Azerbaijan's oil and gas exports (Tavana et al., 2012), the findings indicate that a sustained, targeted drone campaign would not only paralyse the domestic Azerbaijani economy and exhaust sovereign reserves but also trigger significant trade and energy price volatility across Eurasian markets. To address this vulnerability, the following study proposes a layered and cost-optimised defensive model by integrating multi-sensor detection, tiered kinetic and non-kinetic engagement, and comprehensive doctrinal coordination and reform. Together, this framework offers an extensive and adaptable solution to protect fixed critical infrastructure against algorithmic asymmetry, which is rapidly becoming a defining challenge for Eurasian geopolitics and global energy security.</text>
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              <text>war, warfare, drones, military technology, geopolitics, Azerbaijan, energy, energy infrastructure, economics of war, security, conflict, politics, critical infrastructure, Operation Spiderweb, drone warfare, defence</text>
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                <text>Spiderweb’s Shadow: Azerbaijan’s Energy Infrastructure and the Emerging Crisis in Eurasian Security</text>
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                <text>Threats to critical energy infrastructure posed by drone warfare and its implications for Azerbaijan and the region</text>
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                <text>Ramiz Ahmadzada</text>
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              <text>The membranes of the mammalian cell are host to many membrane-bound transcription regulators which need to be collocated to the nucleus to act on both inter and extracellular processes ​(1)​ . For our project we chose to focus on the membrane of the endoplasmic reticulum, which research has shown to be a region where proteins (or peptide fragments) are able to cycle between the ER and the nucleus in order to influence gene transcription.​(2)​ The pseudoproteases iRhom (of the rhomboid super family) ​(3)​ have been identified as such proteins with a distinct function related to their cleavage from the ER and subsequent nuclear transport. This cleavage is conducted via the Signal Peptidase Complex (SPC) which cleaves either side of the first transmembrane domain, resulting in an N terminal fragment. This fragment is then transported to the nucleus where it can affect gene expression. This process has been shown to be elevated in pathologies such as psoriasis and oesophageal cancer. ​(4)​   Our goal was to investigate if other proteins (TMEM214, TRPV4, TOR4A) with regions similar to iRhom cleavage sites undergo the same SPC cleavage mechanism. Evidence of cleavage would suggest the proteins could possess a similar transcription regulation function, potentially linking to other pathologies.</text>
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                <text>Investigating Membrane-Bound transcription Regulators</text>
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                <text>Cells &amp; Development, Microbiology &amp; Infectious Disease</text>
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                <text>Bethan Martin, Bronte West, Freija Guntripp, Iqbal Dulloo</text>
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              <text>Since 1999, there have been more than 400 shootings on US school campuses, harming the mental health and schooling of children up to five miles away. Public schooling carries no price and is assigned by residence, so families can avoid a school only by moving house or paying for a private one. Enrolment therefore reveals whether families avoid only the attacked school or every school the harm reaches, and how serious a shooting must be before they act. I combine these shootings with a national panel of public school enrolment from 1999 to 2024, and use a stacked difference-in-differences design to find that the attacked school loses on net roughly 1.5–2% of its continuing students, or 14 to 20 pupils, in the first year after a shooting. Schools within five miles lose at most half as much, and families choosing a school anew, who face no disruption from switching, show no avoidance of them, which I interpret as families attaching the disamenity of a shooting to the school rather than to its neighbourhood. Before the pandemic only fatal shootings were followed by avoidance, but since 2021 non-fatal shootings have been too. Because this avoidance concentrates on the attacked school, I argue that its disamenity falls on the families least able to leave.</text>
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              <text>School Shootings, Economics of Education, Applied Microeconomics</text>
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                <text>Which Schools Do Families Avoid, and After Which Shootings? Evidence from US School Shootings, 1999–2024</text>
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                <text>Xavier Fletcher</text>
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              <text>In this project, I will outline existing literature and research on teaching genocide denial in the  education system. I will introduce both research and recommendations supporting this as well  as, on top of referencing some objections to it, observe differences in approaches to teaching  genocide denial. I will identify some proposed subjects in which scholars, organisations and the  UK [HM] Government have identified for teaching genocide denial, drawing also on research on  teaching misinformation and media literacy. Finally, I will also note proposed methods of  teaching about misinformation and genocide denial. </text>
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              <text>genocide denial , genocide , philosophy , ethics</text>
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                <text>A Review of Literature on Teaching Genocide Denial</text>
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                <text>Teaching genocide denial</text>
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                <text>8th October 2026</text>
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                <text>David Bather Woods</text>
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              <text>This paper explores the politics that came to characterise urban governance in early nineteenth-century Cardiff and investigates how the Marquesses of Bute consolidated their near-absolute influence over, and control of, the local corporation. Centring on the industrious second Marquess, this study asks not simply how the noblemen exercised his aristocratic privileges, but also how they understood and presented their authority in the burgeoning town. Celebrated as the ‘Creator of Cardiff’ by his contemporaries, existing historiography has steadfastly attributed this epithet to the second Marquess and analysed the town’s truly unparalleled economic development. This has left the methods of how the aristocrat exercised his authority over his Glamorgan estate with comparatively little scholarly attention. Thwarting the election of his rivals, manipulating tenancy agreements, and casting himself as both father to his poorer tenants and patron of the Welsh language, the Marquess held his Glamorgan estate in his absolute power. Drawing on borough records, newspaper articles, and private correspondence, this study argues that Bute continued to assert and re-assert his authority to such an extent that neither the Reform Act in 1832 nor the Municipal Corporations Act in 1835 could interrupt his lordship over Cardiff with any real significance. Yet this ability to manipulate urban governance also exposes the archaic structure of the Cardiff Corporation, which left the political body arthritic, and this paper advances that this institutional weakness permitted the borough to become a Scottish thraldom.</text>
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              <text> Bute, Cardiff, Urban History, Aristocracy, Reform, Identity, Politics, Governance</text>
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                <text>A ‘Scottish Thraldom’: The Marquesses of Bute and the Politics of Aristocratic Power in Early Nineteenth-Century Cardiff</text>
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                <text>1794-1848</text>
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                <text>Colm O'Malley</text>
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              <text>I will explore how the Spanish-American War was not only represented in the public consciousness of 1898 but also its legacy in our own times. However, to understand the story of the war is also to understand key characters historically associated with it so I will briefly outline our main cast here. William Randolph Hearst, a newspaper magnate who cried so loud for the war that the sheepish ears of Washington had no choice but to listen, even if they were both fervently crying of a Spanish wolf. In Washington, William McKinley, the sitting President had inherited a tense foreign climate: the Spanish Wolf had been prowling around Cuba since 1895. Intensified Spanish intervention in its Cuban colony not only undermined the newly incumbent President but also a historic doctrine maintained since the Presidency of fifth U.S. President, a Founding Father, James Monroe. The 1823 Monroe Doctrine inscribed a new American promise to protect independent surrounding Southern American countries from European colonisation. So, how did President McKinley square this foundational doctrine of diplomacy with the domestic pressures calling for not only American interventionism but then also for expansionism?</text>
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              <text>#America #History #War #Film #Spain #Cuba #Maine #McKinley #Hearst #Yellow #Journalism </text>
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                <text>Projecting a Story: Remembering the Maine in Early American Cinema and Other Media During the Spanish-American War</text>
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                <text>Early Film and the Spanish American War </text>
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            <name>Date</name>
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                <text>1898</text>
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                <text>Luis Carroll</text>
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        <src>https://urss.warwick.ac.uk/files/original/70adb2a8120fda6873bc06f574be11de.pdf</src>
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              <text>This research project explores a clinical trial assessing the safety and efficacy of a hybrid closed-loop insulin delivery system in children aged 2 to 6 years with type 1 diabetes (Wadwa et al., 2023). The primary aim was to estimate the effect of closed-loop control on 13-week HbA1c and investigate the robustness of this estimate to covariate adjustment, missing-data handling and Bayesian modelling. The analysis began with a complete-case comparison, followed by adjusted regression models, different frequentist methods of imputation and Bayesian approaches. The results consistently favoured closed-loop control over standard care, with adjusted treatment-effect estimates ranging from approximately 0.36 to 0.44 percentage points across the frequentist analyses. The Bayesian results were broadly consistent with these findings. A further exploratory aim was to model 26-week HbA1c outcomes during the trial's extension period using Bayesian longitudinal models. However, these results were associated with greater uncertainty, particularly because participants originally assigned to standard care switched to closed-loop treatment after 13 weeks. Overall, the findings provide reasonably consistent evidence that closed-loop control reduced 13-week HbA1c compared with standard care, while conclusions about the 26-week treatment effect remain more uncertain.</text>
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              <text>Artificial Pancreas, Type 1 Diabetes, Paediatrics, Clinical Trial, Clinical Trial Data, Biostatistics, Clinical Trial Analysis, Longitudinal Data Analysis, Statistical Modelling, Data Analysis, Digital Health, R Project, R Programming, RStudio, Bayesian Statistics, Frequentist Statistics, Mixed-Effects Models, Markov Chain Monte Carlo (MCMC)</text>
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                <text>Assessing Treatment Efficacy in Diabetes Clinical Trials</text>
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            <name>Subject</name>
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                <text>A Paediatric Diabetes Clinical Trial</text>
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            <name>Date</name>
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              <elementText elementTextId="5380">
                <text>04/10/2026</text>
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              <elementText elementTextId="5381">
                <text>Lily Antell</text>
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