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              <text>Professor Alexander Dobson</text>
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              <text>This study investigates the relationship between urban slum populations and key economic indicators across districts in Karnataka, integrating behavioural economics insights into conventional regression analysis. Using district-level data on Gross District Domestic Product (GDDP), Per Capita Income (PCI), and slum populations, an Ordinary Least Squares (OLS) regression model was estimated to examine the economic determinants of slum persistence. The model explains approximately 67.7% of the variation in slum populations (R² = 0.677) and reveals a statistically significant positive association between GDDP and slum population.</text>
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                <text>Anirudh Nagaraj</text>
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              <text>This study examines the impact of the Pradhan Mantri MUDRA Yojana (PMMY) on enterprise creation in India, addressing a gap in the literature that emphasises loan trends rather than causal outcomes. Using panel data from 33 states and union territories between 2011–2021, fixed-effects regressions estimate the relationship between per-capita PMMY disbursements and MSME registrations. The results show a marked rise in MSME formation after the scheme’s launch in 2015, with per-capita lending associated with nearly one additional MSME per 1,000 people in the following year. This relationship remains robust after controlling for income, banking infrastructure and national shocks, though significant variation exists across states. Wealthier states display stronger impacts, while poorer or infrastructure-constrained regions benefit less. Interviews with beneficiaries support these patterns, indicating that although PMMY improves credit access, sustained enterprise growth also depends on market access, financial literacy and broader institutional support. </text>
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                <text>Does Microfinance Drive Entrepreneurship? Evidence from India’s Microfinance Scheme (PMMY)</text>
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              <text>We prove a weaker version of the Diophantine property for the automorphism group of an infinite regular rooted tree of degree $d\geq 3$. </text>
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                <text>Diophantine Estimates on Automorphism Groups of Infinite Regular Trees</text>
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                <text>Timucin Oisin Gunaydin</text>
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              <text>Emerging evidence suggests a significant bidirectional interaction between the gastrointestinal system and the central nervous system, known as the gut–brain axis. This systematic review evaluates whether probiotics can serve as an alternative or adjunctive treatment for clinical depression through modulation of the gut microbiota. Current literature indicates that specific probiotic strains may influence neurotransmitter production, reduce systemic inflammation and improve gut barrier integrity. These mechanisms have been found to be implicated in depressive pathology. While several clinical trials demonstrate modest but promising antidepressant effects, heterogeneity in probiotic formulations, study durations and patient populations limit definitive conclusions. Overall, probiotic therapy represents a potential low-risk intervention with biological plausibility, but further high-quality, standardised trials are needed to determine efficacy, optimal strains and dosage for depressive disorders.</text>
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                <text>Harnessing The Gut-Brain Axis: Can Probiotics Be Used As An Alternative Treatment In Clinical Depression By Modulating The Gut Microbiota?</text>
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                <text>Naeem Ahmed</text>
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                <text>Warwick Medical School</text>
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              <text>This paper examines how central banks integrating sustainability initiatives into monetary policy affects macroeconomic stability. Using quarterly data for 184 countries from 2001 to 2024, we assess whether membership in the Network for Greening the Financial System (NGFS), as a proxy to show whether a central bank is sustainable, influences five macroeconomic variables: inflation, inflation volatility, GDP growth, GDP volatility, and unemployment. A series of pooled OLS and fixed effects regressions are used, while semi-structured interviews with central bank officials complement the quantitative analysis. The results indicate that NGFS membership is generally associated with greater macroeconomic stability in high-income economies, reflected in lower inflation, stronger growth, and reduced volatility. Interviewees from high- and middle-income countries agreed that their central banks did not recognise a trade-off between sustainability in central banking, and the effectiveness of monetary policy. However, regression results indicate that middle- and low-income countries experience trade-offs, possibly due to weaker institutional capacity and resource constraints.</text>
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              <text>Economics, Monetary Policy, Sustainability, Sustainable Monetary Policy, Central Banking, Macroeconomics, Central Banks</text>
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                <text>How Effective is Monetary Policy for Macroeconomic Stabilisation when Environmental Sustainability is a Central Bank Objective?</text>
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                <text>How Effective is Monetary Policy for Macroeconomic Stabilisation when Environmental Sustainability is a Central Bank Objective?</text>
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                <text>2025</text>
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                <text>Soham Warikoo and Monisha Pandhi</text>
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              <text>Young women leaving the care system are disproportionately represented among those entering the sex industry (Coy, 2009, p. 255; Pearce et al., 2003). While research has linked the sexual exploitation of boys to experiences in local authority care (Lillywhite and Skidmore, 2006), young women remain exceedingly overrepresented within the commercial sex trade (Brown, 2019). Subsequently, this analysis will focus primarily on the influence of the care system on young women’s entry into this sector. Given the limited empirical research investigating the specific vulnerabilities that influence care-experienced women’s entry, a separate analysis for this gender-based issue is required (Coy, 2008; Coy, 2009). Through a literature review and the collection of primary data, this research project aimed to identify the key drivers behind 70% of women in the sex industry having histories in the care system. Three main aims were identified for this project: (i) To identify the key themes among care-experienced children that drive their entry into the sex industry and how they emerge, (ii) to understand how these recurring themes contribute to entry into the sexual marketplace, and (iii) to explore the extent to which these contributing factors are acknowledged by the care system and addressed through effective policy intervention. Core themes that emerged include childhood adversity, negative view of self, multiple placement moves, emotional insecurity, minimal safeguarding within care facilities, stigmatisation, and socio-economic disadvantage. Qualitative research methods, including primary interviews and questionnaires, have been conducted alongside a review of secondary data. This approach facilitated an in-depth analysis of the key themes identified, uncovering their significance and contribution to the extensive participation of care-experienced women in the sex industry.</text>
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                <text>From care to prostitution? Investigating the linkage between the care system and women’s entry into the sex industry</text>
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                <text>The Care System and Entry into Prostitution</text>
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                <text>Supervisor: Ravi Thiara</text>
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              <text>This paper explores the potential impacts of increased home broadband availability amongst students on teaching and learning practices in Kayamandi. It focuses on the potential outcomes of FiberTime™, a local internet service provider working to make affordable connectivity accessible to township residents. Drawing on existing literature, contextual analysis, and observations made during the researcher’s visit to South Africa, the paper aims to understand how improved digital access might transform educational experiences within this community.</text>
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                <text>Mychaela Okoro</text>
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              <text>As the Green Party becomes more nationally prominent, it becomes important to understand how it attempts to resolve conflicts between different priorities, and how its local elected officials make decisions. As the party now has over 800 elected councillors, a prominent one is the potential for conflict between local conservation interests and national objectives for clean electricity generation, new social homes and green transport links - all of which have land use needs. The study involved a review of the existing literature, an analysis of the party manifesto's view on planning, and qualitative interviews (ongoing) to understand the views of GPEW elected officials.</text>
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                <text>Approaches to planning in the Green Party of England &amp; Wales</text>
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                <text>Raphael Hammond</text>
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                <text>Politics </text>
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              <text>Democratic functioning is faltering all over the globe. In looking to go beyond examining standard methods of democratic measurement, I undertake a systematic thematic analysis on one chosen attribute of democracy – government censorship of media – which serves as the conceptual lens of the inquiry. The inquiry is a two-pronged design. The systematic thematic analysis on the existing literature delivers its own findings, but these findings are utilised to inform a specific and deliberate selection of quantitative variables within V-Dem’s dataset to further explore the strength of inter-relatedness between separate attributes of democracy and determine a sharper quantitative view of democratic “health”. The thematic analysis yielded five interlinked themes – societal security, complaisant (participation and internalization), stickiness of censorship ecosystems, self-consciousness (fear, risk), and polarization – that provide insight into how censorship is enabled, experienced, and reproduced. These themes were then mapped to V-Dem type-C indicators to select one core measure, government censorship effort (media), and seven non-core measures, such as transparency of laws and media self-censorship. I compute annual means for each variable from 1950 until 2024 and assess bivariate associations. Apart from political polarization, the results show exceptionally strong correlations between the core variable and conceptually linked non-core variables, indicating a robust conceptual and numerical link between emergent codes and themes. Visual diagnostics of scatter graphs indicate potential non-linearities and historical shocks in the data that need to be investigated further. Overall, the findings demonstrate the establishment of robust connections between variables beyond the normal, baseline standards of electoral democracy and articulate a censorship ecosystem in which appeals to societal security and routinized self-censorship normalize repression. </text>
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                <text>Politics and International Studies </text>
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                <text>Florian Reiche</text>
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                <text>Quantitative Attributes of a Healthy Democracy</text>
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                <text>Quantitative Political Science -- Democracy Studies</text>
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                <text>Sebastian Smith </text>
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              <text>This paper examines how central banks integrating sustainability initiatives into monetary policy affects macroeconomic stability. Using quarterly data for 184 countries from 2001 to 2024, we assess whether membership in the Network for Greening the Financial System (NGFS), as a proxy to show whether a central bank is sustainable, influences five macroeconomic variables: inflation, inflation volatility, GDP growth, GDP volatility, and unemployment. A series of pooled OLS and fixed effects regressions are used, while semi-structured interviews with central bank officials complement the quantitative analysis. The results indicate that NGFS membership is generally associated with greater macroeconomic stability in high-income economies, reflected in lower inflation, stronger growth, and reduced volatility. Interviewees from high- and middle-income countries agreed that their central banks did not recognise a trade-off between sustainability in central banking, and the effectiveness of monetary policy. However, regression results indicate that middle- and low-income countries experience trade-offs, possibly due to weaker institutional capacity and resource constraints.</text>
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              <text>Economics, Monetary Policy, Green Monetary Policy, Macroeconomics, Economic Policy, Central Banking, Central Banks, Sustainability, Environment</text>
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                <text>Soham Warikoo</text>
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                <text>Monisha Pandhi</text>
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                <text>How Effective is Monetary Policy for Macroeconomic Stabilisation when Environmental Sustainability is a Central Bank Objective?</text>
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